Means for atomizing fuel



' Aug; 5. 1924. 1,503,627

H. BENKERT mews FOR A'romzzx'ue FUEL Filed March 15. 192:

Patented Aug. 5, 1924.

ries.

HERMANN BENKERT, 0F HARBURG-OLFTHE-ELBE, GERMANY.

MEANS FOR ATOMIZING FUEL.

Application filed March 15, 1921. Serial No. 452,601.

T 0 all whom it may concern Be it known that I, HERMANN BENKn-n'r, citizen of the German Republic, residing at Harburg-on-the-Elbe, in the State of Prussia, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Means for Atomizing Fuel, of which the following is a specification. V

This invention relates to a device for atomizing fuel, especially heavy oils for combustion motors and other combustion purposes. The invention consists in directing two individual jets or streams of fuel against each other in axial direction whereby the two jets are forced to dash against each other with great force and the kinetic energy of the jets is thus converted into work which, in its turn, is partly converted into heat so that a part of the fuel is gasiiied whereas the other part is turned into a very fine mist. The fuel mist resulting from this disintegration and vaporization of the particles is highly combustible and may be exploded in any suitable manner, an instantaneous and uniform combustion being assured because of the complete atomization of the fuel.

Numerous attempts to attain the same result have heretofore been made. The fuel has, for instance, been ejected under an extraordinarily high pressure from sharpedged nozzles, whereby also an atomization was obtained. Further, two fuel nozzles have been arranged oppositely to one another, or co-axially, but the jets they produced and directed against each other con sistedof a mixture of fuel and air. Also jets of pure fuel have been directed against eath' other from diametrically opposite points of the cylinder, or of the combustion space respectively, but then the total diameter of the cylinder, or of the combustionspace respectively, lay between the nozzles, and the jets met in the middle of the cylinder or said space. Furthermore, fuel-nozzles have been devised which have an annular channel folowed by a disk-shaped channel, the fuel being led under high pressure first to the annular channel and being then made to change its direction, viz, to and through said disk-shaped channel, the fuel being thereby directed from the periphery to the middle. lVith all these known devices it is, however, impossible to obtain a collision or concussion of the fuel ejected from the nozzles as individual jets, thus utilizing the kinetic energy of the and gasifying the fuel.

In order to make my invention more clear, I refer to the accompanying drawing, in which similar numerals of reference denote similar parts throughout the several views, and in which:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through an atomizing nozzle,

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section through the lower mouth-piece of the atomizing nozzle, and

Figure 3 is a plan of this mouth-piece.

The fuel is supplied to the nozzlechamber 12 by means of a pipe 8 and in this chamber a fuel needle 14 is mounted for a nozzle 16 provided at its lower end with an atomizing tip 60.

The atomizing tip has but one aperture which terminates at a side of a channel within which the oil-jets, or the small quantities of the oil, dash one upon the other, said aperture being situated just where the jets meet each other. The tip 60 has at its lower end a frustoconical cavity 61, the orilice 59 of which terminates in a side of the transverse channel 63 connecting the channels 56 and 57 with each other. The transverse channel 63 is bored into the channelbody from a side of the latter and the lateral aperture thus formed is closed by a threaded plug 6%. The channels 56 and 57 are bored downwardly in an oblique direction, into the jets for atomizing body or mouth-piece and thus a hoppershaped cavity 62 is formed which comprises a seat for the fuel-needle 14%. The cavity 61 is preferably cone-shaped, forming a hollow fiat cone whose tip, if existing, would lie about in the middle line of the channel 63 or a little below this line. The edges of the lateral outlet-opening 59 of the channel 63 are of importance for the oil-mist arising from the impact of the jets, leaves the channel through this opening, after which it spreads within the interior of the cylinder. The mist will assume the shape of a fan or of a cone and the direction of the convex surface of the cone of mist is determined by straight lines which mustbe supposed to eX- tend from the middle of the channel through the edge of the lateral outlet opening. The lateral surfaces of the discharge cavity may be so shaped, or their direction may be such, that the oil-mist does not touch at all the sides thereof. This arrangement prevents the oil-mist from condensing on the walls of the nozzle-opening whereby the formation of drops in the nozzle is prevented.

Having now described my invention, what I desire to secure by a patent of the United States is:

1. A fuel nozzle for internal combustion engines having a straight transverse channel, a supply channel at each end of the transverse channel and a frusto-conical discharge opening in and intermediate the ends of said straight transverse channel, the vertical axis of said opening being substantially at right angles to said transverse channel.

A fuel nozzle for internal combustion engines having an inlet opening, two straight channels diverging from said inlet opening, a straight, transverse channel connecting the terminal portions of the diverging channels and a frusto-conical discharge opening communicating with, and having its vertical axis located substantially midway of the transverse channel.

In testimony whereof I have afiixed signature in presence of two Witnesses.

HERMANN BENKERT.

Witnesses:

HEINRICH NAGEL, HEINRICH PLUMN. 

